能源转型有自己的霍尔木兹海峡
文章指出清洁能源转型并未消除地缘政治风险，而是重新分配风险。关键瓶颈在于矿物精炼和加工的高度集中，中国在钴、石墨、稀土等领域占主导地位，预计到2035年将供应超60%的精炼锂和钴、约80%的电池级石墨和稀土。美国及其盟友试图通过产业政策等减少对华依赖，但面临加工能力和成本挑战。
原文节选与中文整理
不是全文翻译The energy transition has its own Strait of Hormuz
Last year, about 34 percent of global trade in crude oil passed through the strait (with China and India alone accounting for 44 percent of that flow), along with roughly one-fifth of the world’s liquefied natural gas exports. However, contrary to popular belief, the clean-energy transition would not eliminate geopolitical risk, but rather redistribute it.
能源转型有自己的霍尔木兹海峡
去年，全球约34%的原油贸易通过该海峡（其中中国和印度占44%），以及约五分之一的液化天然气出口。然而，与普遍看法相反，清洁能源转型不会消除地缘政治风险，而是重新分配风险。
原文引用已与读取正文进行文本匹配；译文及实质关联仍需人工复核。这不是事实真实性或法律结论的保证。
来源与关联依据
1中国关联原文
2024, with supply growth concentrated in a handful of dominant suppliers: Indonesia for nickel and China for cobalt, graphite, and rare earths. This is the clean-energy equivalent of the Strait of Hormuz. The strategic bottleneck is not in mining itself, but in th到来源页核对 ↗
2美国关联原文
in 2024, while demand for nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earths grew by about 6 to 8 percent. The US has responded with a multi-layered strategy that includes launching the Forum on Resource Geostrategic Engagement, an international effort to ensure a reliable到来源页核对 ↗
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